Carpinus caroliniana
American hornbeam, Musclewood Taxonomy
Synonyms: Carpinus caroliniana var. caroliniana, Carpinus caroliniana var. virginiana Subspecific taxa: Classification:
Other taxonomic & nomenclature sources: USDA Plants;  ITIS;  The Plant List;  IPNI Images
   
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Species Distribution
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County Map Legend
Absent: Not known from county Medium confidence: Medium or unknown confidence; often old records or unverifiable observations Medium-high confidence: Often observations by expert botanists High confidence: Often vouchered herbarium records Planted / introduced: Native species introduced outside historic range, or only in planted locations within county (e.g., restorations) Historic / extirpated: Only historic records for the species; likely extirpated (Note that this category is not yet functional) North American distribution maps for this species: FLNA;  USDA Plants;  BONAP;  BISON
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Species Status
Status/Listing: No Information Notes: Origin: Native
Species Description
General: Dicot-woody, perennial Roots: primary Shoots: alternate leaf arrangment; simple leaf type; serrate, doubly serrate leaf margin; Pinnate leaf venation; linear, lanceolate, oblanceolate leaf shape Inflorescence: catkin Flowers: unisexual, monoecious; incomplete, not petals; epigynous ovary position Fruit: nut Physiology: autotrophic; C3 C02 fixation Reproduction: sexual
Ecology & Natural History
Habitat: Species is distributed by base of bluffs, rocky slopes along streams, ravine bottoms. ILPIN Notes: Tree is form-balled and burlapped, seedlings. Fruit is a small ribbed nutlet; flattened trunk with smooth blue-gray or ashy-gray bark; pendulous catkins. This concerns aquatic furbearers; also bark, wood. Regarding waterfowl food value, this pertains especially to wood ducks. Seed company numbers: 2, 19, 27, 28, 29, 30 Nutlets are edible. This is including var. virginiana (Marsh.) Fern. Functional Relationships:
Human Relationships:
Wildlife and Livestock Information:
Coefficient of Conservatism (C-value) [?] :
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