Cypripedium candidum
White lady's-slipper orchid Taxonomy
Synonyms: Subspecific taxa: Classification:
Other taxonomic & nomenclature sources: USDA Plants;  ITIS;  The Plant List;  IPNI Images
   
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Species Distribution
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County Map Legend
Absent: Not known from county Medium confidence: Medium or unknown confidence; often old records or unverifiable observations Medium-high confidence: Often observations by expert botanists High confidence: Often vouchered herbarium records Planted / introduced: Native species introduced outside historic range, or only in planted locations within county (e.g., restorations) Historic / extirpated: Only historic records for the species; likely extirpated (Note that this category is not yet functional) North American distribution maps for this species: FLNA;  USDA Plants;  BONAP;  BISON
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Species Status
Status/Listing: Formerly State Threatened, Regional Forester Sensitive Species Notes: Origin: Native
Species Description
General: Monocot, perennial Roots: adventitious, fibrous Shoots: alternate leaf arrangment; simple leaf type; entire leaf margin; Parallel leaf venation; oblong leaf shape Inflorescence: solitary Flowers: perfect; 3 merous; complete, irregular; yellow, green, white; epigynous ovary position Fruit: capsule Physiology: autotrophic; C3 C02 fixation Reproduction: sexual, vegetative
Ecology & Natural History
Habitat: calcareous areas; with Helanthus grosseserratus(dwarf form), Zizea aurea, Valeriana, ciliata, Pycnanthemum virginiatum; full sun or slight shade ILPIN Notes: Sepals and petals greenish-yellow, lip is waxy-white veined with violet; Flowers fragrant and leaves grass-green. Stems and leaves less pubescent and often more nearly glabrous than the yellow lady-slippers. Very rare Kurz, D.R. and M.L. Bowles. 1981. Report of the Status of Illinois Stoutamire, W.P. 1967. Flower Biology of the Ladys Slipper. Catlina, P.M. and G. Knerer. 1980. Pollination of the Small White Lady's Slipper Vascular Plants Potentially Endangered or Threatened in the U.S. (Cypripedium candidum) in Lambton County, Southern Ontario. The Michigan Botanist 6(4):159-175. Natural Land Institute. Rockford, Il. Canadian Field-Naturalist 94(4):435-438. Only in the northern half of Illinois, also Macoupin and St. Clair Co. Intolerant of heavy shade from woody plants. Prospers in wildflower gardens. stems sometimes found. Vegetative offshoots produce small to large colonies. Clumps of 100 Andrenid and Halictine bees are major pollinators. Functional Relationships:
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